THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF A DIFFERENCE

The difference between statistical concepts as standard deviation and standard error and how to correct their report in the medical articles

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A Standard Error: Distinguishing Standard Deviation From Standard Error

A recent Perspective in Nature issued a call for more transparency in the reporting of preclinical research (1). Although this article focused primarily on experimental design, it emphasized the need for improved reporting in the scientific literature. Within the context of preclinical studies, there have been discussions regarding the appropriate reporting of standard error (SE) and standard d...

Half standard deviation estimate of the minimally important difference in HRQOL scores?

In addition to statistical significance, it is important to evaluate the magnitude of differences in health-related quality of life over time. Interest in establishing the minimal difference that is clinically important or the minimally important difference has burgeoned over the last few years. This review summarizes some of the leading approaches to estimating the minimally important differen...

Finding Standard Deviation of a Fuzzy Number

Standard deviation and standard error of the mean

In most clinical and experimental studies, the standard deviation (SD) and the estimated standard error of the mean (SEM) are used to present the characteristics of sample data and to explain statistical analysis results. However, some authors occasionally muddle the distinctive usage between the SD and SEM in medical literature. Because the process of calculating the SD and SEM includes differ...